Earlier, title holder Borna Coric beat American Sebastian Korda 7-6 (5), 6-4, while another home hope Taylor Fritz survived a first-set thriller to beat Czech Jiri Lehecka 7-6 (14), 6-2.
Images from Day 2 of the Pink-ball first Test between Australia and India, in Adelaide, on Friday.
Bumrah removed Australia openers Joe Burns and Matthew Wade for eight runs apiece in quick succession before tea, however, and Ashwin (4-55) drove home the advantage after the break.
Shubman Gill said it can be 'quite intimidating' to play cricket in Australia but asserted that his team will not back down when faced with either sledging or short-pitched deliveries during the four-Test series, starting in Adelaide on December 17.
Virat Kohli's tourists are the second ranked ODI side in the world and will be looking to get into their groove in the three 50-over and three Twenty20 matches that precede the four-match Test series around the new year.
Hosts India will have the upper hand if the tracks are rank turners in the upcoming Test series but Australia will win on 'fair' pitches, said former wicketkeeper Ian Healy.
India captain Virat Kohli held on to his second position while stand-in skipper Ajinkya Rahane broke into the top 10 after gaining five places in the latest ICC men's Test batting ranking released on Thursday.
Since 2011, England have managed to eke out just a single draw in 13 Ashes Tests over three tours and their last two Tests in Sydney have resulted in humiliating defeats.
Usman Khawaja will replace Travis Head in Australia's middle order for this week's fourth Ashes Test against England in the only change to the side that wrapped up the series in Melbourne last week.
The humiliation in Adelaide has opened up 'serious wounds' for India and Australia now have a good chance of inflicting on the visitors a whitewash in the four-Test series, reckons former captain Ricky Ponting.
Left chasing shadows in the first two games, a listless Indian team would most certainly tweak its bowling combination in order to avoid a second successive clean-sweep when it takes on Australia in the third and final ODI, in Canberra, on Wednesday.
Hazlewood to miss out again as Australia announce unchanged playing XI for final Test
Rohit Sharma was four not out, with Shubman Gill yet to score, after the injury-decimated tourists bowled Australia out for 294 in their second innings.
Labuschagne played a knock of 108 runs before he was dismissed by debutant T Natarajan in the final session of the opening day.
England face a rejuvenated Australian team who have turned day-night cricket into a competitive advantage, winning all eight of their Tests under lights dating back to the format's 2015 debut.
Rahul Dravid 'picked' the Australian 'brains' to create solid domestic structure which has served as a feeder line for his country's national team,
'The pink ball Test is probably going to be a bit more challenging in terms of conditions and how the ball moves around in the evening and stuff like that.'
A miscommunication between Maxwell and Carey sent the latter back to the pavilion as the wicketkeeper-batsman fell short of his crease. India got the crucial wicket after the duo added 52 runs for the sixth wicket.
'I am here to terminate climate change once and for all.'
Scheffler said he could afford to focus on his own game thanks to his three-shot cushion.
M Sundar was not surprised when his son hit that memorable six during India's second innings at the Gabba in Australia. 'Washington always knew how to hook. He is a natural hook player. 'He is a strong player. He is a natural hitter of the ball.'
'We just let them off the hook there and probably didn't build pressure the way we wanted to.'
'There's an innings to go and I'm looking forward to the entire Test series. It's a great opportunity for me.'
Team India possess a much more balanced squad in the shortest format.
The leggie and the tearaway have both taken 10 wickets and could bring Pakistan their first World Cup title in 30 years.
Ab-baring looks from the Afterpay Australian Fashion Week 2021.
Chappell said 'the skill level of Indian youth teams would embarrass some of our first-class teams'.
A few bruised egos will eye redemption when India square off against Australia in the second Test in Melbourne from Saturday, ready to bounce back in skipper Ajinkya Rahane's hour of reckoning after their batting debacle in the series opener in Adelaide.
World number one Novak Djokovic said on Wednesday he hopes rival Roger Federer will return to competitive action soon and be able to compete with the best again after the Swiss great said he would miss the Australian Open in January.
There will certainly be some distinct home advantage for Australia along with the experience of playing more Day/Night Tests.
Purnendu Maji and Srinivas Bhogle list the Most Valuable Players during the India-Australia ODI series.
India face an ominous task to win the third Test on a fast and bouncy wicket in Perth and keep the four-match series alive which they are presently trailing 0-2.
Indian golfer Anirban Lahiri gave it his all but fell short by a stroke
Pujara has been criticised for his ultra-defensive approach in the series so far and instead of propping up his team's response to Australia's first innings total
If Rahane's side can go 2-1 up and ensure the retention of the Border-Gavaskar Trophy, it will be one of the finest hours in the history of Indian cricket
The first Test of the four-match series, beginning on December 17 will be played at the Adelaide Oval in a day-night contest. Australia have an unbeaten record in day-night Tests having won all the pink ball Tests they have played.
Chappell still believes that Australia might have a slight edge in Test matches
Rohit Sharma will certainly leave a gaping hole at the top of the order, something that skipper Virat Kohli wouldn't have fancied at the onset of a gruelling two-month tour.